Members of The Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon Church) believe that the Bible is the word
of God. It contains Jesus' teachings. It describes God's dealings with
man. It also spells out many prophesies which pertain directly to these,
the last days of the world before the Savior's Second Coming.
Genesis 49:22 refers to the
posterity of Joseph in Egypt as a "fruitful bough by a well; whose
branches run over the wall." This same chapter, as well as Deuteronomy
33, discusses a greatly blessed people and their enjoyment of life in
a land of "everlasting hills."
These are but two biblical
sources of revelation which, Mormons
assert, foreshadow events relating to the Book of Mormon, a new volume of God's word brought
forth in modern times. As the book recounts, Lehi, a Jerusalem-born
descendant of Joseph, departed from the land of his fathers and ultimately
founded a colony in the New World some six hundred years before Christ.
His progeny became a tremendous nation which prospered and received
many divine blessings in the Americas, a place where the Rocky and Andes
mountain ranges form a long, continuous continental divide, the very
embodiment of everlasting hills.
Under the Lord's direction
and by His power, prophets
living among Lehi's American nation recorded the history of the people
and, more importantly, shared their personal convictions regarding Jesus
Christ. Because of the ministrations of the Holy Ghost,
angels, and Christ Himself, these prophets were enabled to receive and
set down the saving gospel in fullness and purity, and, by similar divine
means, their compiled record came into the hands of the prophet Joseph Smith. It was he who was responsible for
the translation, publication, and distribution of the sacred text, now
known the world over as the Book of Mormon: Another Testament of Jesus
Christ.
Joseph Smith had no idea that
he would be called of God to assist in such a "marvellous work"
(Isaiah 29:14). A devout student of the Bible, he desired at the age
of fourteen merely to know which church was the correct one for him
to adhere to. Encouraged by the invitation found in James 1:5, he humbly
sought and received guidance from the Lord, who personally commanded
him to join none of the churches because of their universal corruption:
"they draw near to me with their lips, but their hearts are far
from me, they teach for doctrines the commandments of men, having a
form of godliness, but they deny the power thereof" (see Joseph Smith—History 1:9 and compare Isaiah 29:13 and 2 Timothy
3:5). Three and a half years later, on September 21, 1823, Joseph called
on the Lord and found his prayer answered through the visitation of
an angel named Moroni. This heavenly messenger was, in fact, the last
ancient American prophet who had contributed to the aforementioned sacred
text and then protectively buried it in the earth, in the fifth century,
A.D. By so doing he fulfilled Isaiah's prophecy of speech that would
"whisper out of the dust" (Isaiah 29:4).
Moroni now came to the young,
modern-day prophet with instructions regarding the reverent handling
of the record while it should be translated, being engraved, as it was,
upon plates of gold. Joseph was not to gain possession of the plates
immediately, but first underwent a four-year period of personal preparation
and further instruction. Finally, in September 1827, he obtained divine
leave to remove the plates from their hiding place in the hill near
his home. Also concealed there were the Urim and Thummim, a sacred means
of translation (see Exodus 28:30), and a few other artifacts of historical
and spiritual significance.
More time was required for
Joseph's personal development before the translation work could begin
in earnest. He and his wife, Emma Hale, moved from New York state to
Harmony, Pennsylvania to escape the severe harassment of malicious mobs.
Joseph dictated a little of the text to Emma and her brother Reuben,
who acted as scribes. Martin Harris later offered his scribal services.
Joseph was to experience dreadful regret when, as a result of Martin's
faithless prodding, he placed 116 pages of translated text in his scribe's
unreliable custody—so that the skeptical Mrs. Harris might be appeased
by seeing the work. The manuscript was stolen. This grave misstep cost
Joseph the very possession of the gold plates; Moroni retrieved them
from the prophet and did not return them until the bitterly sorrowing
man regained divine trust in September 1828. Although the lost Book
of Lehi would no longer be included in the Book of Mormon text—for
God commanded Joseph not to retranslate it—we thankfully have portions
of Lehi's personal history contained within the divinely directed writings
of his son Nephi.
When the heaven-inspired school
teacher Oliver Cowdery became Joseph Smith's new scribe in April 1829,
the translation progressed rapidly, concluding by the end of June. It
is reported that the dictation was handled with Joseph translating,
by God's gift, about twelve words at a time, and Oliver writing down
the phrase and reading it back to the prophet for verification. They
would continue on to the following set of words without further interruption.
Emma Smith firmly stated later in her life that Joseph never turned
to any means of research while translating, and that, day after day,
he was able, unaided, to continue in his dictation exactly where he
had left off previously.
During these final and most
productive two to three months of translation, the prophet was simultaneously
engaged in many other activities. Money had to be earned for paper and
supplies, and these had to be obtained thirty miles away in Colesville,
New York. A federal copyright for the work was received on June 11.
Preaching and baptizing occurred. And, at the translation's end, the Three
and Eight
Witnesses fulfilled
their calling as they saw and bore testimony of the gold plates.
Despite his shortcomings, Martin
Harris was forgiven and privileged to be counted among the Three Witnesses.
He was further instrumental in the coming forth of the sacred work by
mortgaging his farm, thereby gaining a loan of $3,000 to pay for the
contractual printing of 5,000 copies of the Book of Mormon.
The printing took place between
August 1829 and March 1830. Ever under the threat of persecution, the
prophet Joseph ordered Oliver Cowdery to immediately make a second copy
of the translated manuscript and to only allow a few pages of one copy
to be given to the printer for typesetting. When those pages were returned,
a few more could be delivered—continually under guard. The Book of
Mormon was finally published to the world on March 26, 1830. Joseph
Smith immediately began to dispatch missionaries to spread the work abroad, and the
"Church of Jesus Christ," later including the appellation
"of Latter-day Saints," was officially established
on April 6, 1830.
This was a moment in which
further biblical prophecy was fulfilled. Whereas before Joseph Smith's
prophetic calling, the world suffered for want of truth like a hungry
man who can only dream of food (see Isaiah 29:8), now a new era of divine
providence would allow them "that erred in spirit [to] come to
understanding, and [them] that murmured [to] learn doctrine (Isaiah
29: 24).
Mormons understand that the "stick of Judah" mentioned in Ezekiel 37:16-19 is the Bible. The "stick of Joseph," prophesied of in the same passage, refers to the Book of Mormon. As two sticks together in a person's hand, these two important volumes of scripture act cooperatively (and therefore to much greater effect) in "the convincing of the Jew and Gentile that JESUS is the CHRIST, the ETERNAL GOD, manifesting himself unto all nations" (see Book of Mormon, Title Page). Christ Himself alluded to His personal visit to Lehi's American posterity after His resurrection when he made mention of "other sheep" (John 10:16). In His infinite love, He hopes that all people will eventually embrace Him as their Shepherd and enter into His fold. As a means to that end, it is the sincere and beneficent aim of Mormons—members of His true Church—that more people might open their hands, their minds, and their hearts to receive both these great and holy works, the Bible and the Book of Mormon.